Elamipretide (SS-31), a novel synthetic mitochondrial-targeted antioxidant, has emerged as a promising candidate with extensive therapeutic potential. Its notable attributes encompass the mitigation of oxidative stress, the suppression of inflammatory processes, the maintenance of mitochondrial dynamics, and the prevention of cellular apoptosis. As such, SS-31 may emerge as a viable choice for the treatment of mitochondrial dysfunction-related ailments in the foreseeable future.

Elamipretide (SS-31) is a mitochondria-targeted tetrapeptide that selectively interacts with cardiolipin on the inner mitochondrial membrane. SS-31 enhances electron transfer through cytochrome c to improve oxidative phosphorylation coupling, increases adenosine triphosphate synthesis, and reduces ROS production. SS-31 inhibits cytochrome c peroxidase activity and prevents cardiolipin peroxidation. In young animals with acute renal ischemic injury or renal damage induced by high-fat diet, SS-31 intervention protects mitochondria structure and reduces the extent of tubular and glomerular injury.